Pracownik może zjeść tykwę, nawet jeśli jest ona warta dinara; datę (tj. daty) nawet dinara. R. Eliezer Chisna mówi: Pracownik nie może jeść więcej, niż wynosi jego pensja [jest napisane (Powtórzonego Prawa 23:25): „jak twoja dusza”—jako (zapłata) jego wynagrodzenia, za które oddaje swoją duszę, aby wspiąć się na nasyp i „powiesić” na drzewie.] Mędrcy na to pozwalają, ale człowieka (tj. robotnika) uczy się, aby nie był żarłok i zamknij przed nim drzwi [w ramach „dobrej rady”. A pierwsza tanna różni się od mędrców, mówiąc, że nie jest to zalecane. Halacha jest zgodna z mędrcami. („i zamknij przed nim drzwi”): tj. i spraw, aby ludzie go nie zatrudniali.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia
אפילו בדינר – even if it is worth the equivalent of a denar.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Bava Metzia
A laborer may eat cucumbers even to a denar’s worth, and dates even to a denar’s worth. Rabbi Elazar ben Hisma says: “A laborer may not eat more than the value of his wages. But the Sages permit it, but they teach a man not to be gluttonous as to close the door against himself. According to the anonymous opinion in section one of the mishnah, a laborer may eat as much food as he wants. Rabbi Elazar ben Hisma disagrees and states that by law a laborer may not eat more than he earns. The Sages, who are the same Rabbis who held the opinion in the first clause, permit a laborer to eat more than he earns. However, they state that for the laborer’s own good we teach him not to eat too much for if he does he will not be rehired. In other words while it may be legal for him to eat gluttonously, it will damage his reputation and in the future prevent him from being able to earn an income.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia
לא יאכל פועל יותר על שכרו – as Scripture states, “until you are full,” while he is hired, for it is upon him as he obligates himself to ascend the ramp or to hang in the tree.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia
מלמדין – we say to him via advice that is appropriate, but the first Tanna disputes the Sages and states that we don’t teach him, and Halakha is according to the Sages.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Bava Metzia
ויהא סותם את הפתח – and they will be prevented from hiring him.
